In this era of rapidly advancing technology, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is spearheading transformative changes, particularly within the healthcare sector. A prime example is ChatGPT, a game-changer that is fast becoming an influential player in the biomedical field. Its potential to catalyze innovation and revolutionize medical research is profound.
A MedrXiv paper posted today is a systematic review of AI in biomedical literature. The scope of this review is broad, encompassing preprints, peer-reviewed articles, case reports, patents, clinical trials, and even FDA approvals. The paper talks about impact of AI, including ChatGPT, across all medical specialties and subsets of publications, finding overrepresented domains within each subset, highlighting potential research gaps, biases, or areas of excessive focus.
The pace at which the biomedical literature is growing is staggering, with two new papers being added every minute, around the clock. The MedrXiv paper also brings to light the limitations of current medical publishing models.
The human author collaborated with ChatGPT, Bing, Claude, and Bard, and used SciSpace Copilot to review hundreds of systematic reviews and thousands of unique records across various databases. It aimed to comprehensively map out past achievements, current developments, and potential future directions in AI-based medical research. The paper represents the latest brainchild of an open science collaboration project, which welcomes participation from others at https://osf.io/87u6q/.
The study reveals that as ChatGPT matures, it's finding applications across diverse medical specialties demanding cross-disciplinary collaboration. A fascinating trend shows a transition from theoretical to clinical applications in the AI literature, mirroring developments within the ChatGPT space.
Despite challenges such as ensuring the quality of training data and managing ethical concerns, ChatGPT is fostering the adoption of AI tools within medical areas that have been historically underrepresented in AI application.
If you have an interest in the future of medicine and the role AI technologies like ChatGPT play in shaping it, check out this project. It offers a compelling glimpse into what the future of healthcare might look like.
Gabashvili I.S. The impact and applications of ChatGPT: a systematic review of literature reviews. arXiv:2305.18086 [cs.CY] https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2305.18086
Gabashvili IS. ChatGPT in Dermatology: A Comprehensive Systematic Review JMIR Preprints. 02/06/2023:48979. medRxiv 2023.06.11.23291252; https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.06.11.23291252
2018 should be very exciting for science and technology. Recent years were filled with groundbreaking projects and the stars may be aligning for something really big, driven by advances in software and hardware.
In the year 2006 'google' was officially declared a verb in Oxford Dictionary and Merriam Webster. But startups have not given up on building search engines. That same year Facebook opened its doors to users over the age of 13, preparing for exponential growth spurt. The list of startups working on yet another social network and lining up to present their sites at Silicon Valley New Tech Meetup kept growing too. And so were the crowds attending the meetups - as everybody wanted to see the next Google or Facebook. Or get a free pizza.
In 2009, it looked like both search and social bubbles were bursting. At least judging by the pitches and taglines. Favorite startup words now were mobile, twitter and monetization. 2009 was, indeed, the year of mobile, twitter... and ponzi schemes. It was the year when Waze Mobile launched internationally and Tumblr released their iPhone app.
But the Social Digital era has only just begun. Web was still ripe for more social experience and new startups were fighting for the audience, and fighting against the audience fatigue. The question was whether they could build a business off that audience or whether that audience will be worth an acquisition by the likes of Google or Yahoo.
From dancing in the 90s to clicking in the 2010s
Shifting focus of social networks, as judged by the SVNEWTech pitches
The common uses of social networking are promotion (personal or business-related), learning and entertainment. Text was the starting point for broadcasting and marketing ourselves via the Internet. Technologies were evolving and, as shown in the graph below, so were audio- and visual features of social networks, until they merged into video and movie-sharing capabilities. GPS-enabled smartphones gave rise to location-based services and networks focused on "local" - places, rideshares and travel information. Networks could serve as a self-updating address book and their purpose was shifting from keeping in touch with old friends to finding new ones, increasingly focusing on finding business partners and opportunities. Startups were transitioning from virtual worlds to virtual goods, becoming less interested in just chatting vs learning something useful, and more interested in handling money - from social lending, to fundraising and "helping retailers to serve us better". What's next? Despite the challenging funding climate, Silicon Valley startups will keep trying new things, mixing and matching new needs and technologies. After all, the combinations provide endless choices, and the possibilities are endless.
REFERENCES Cantor M, & Whitehead H (2013). The interplay between social networks and culture: theoretically and among whales and dolphins. Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 368 (1618) PMID: 23569288
Panek, Elliot T., Yioryos Nardis, and Sara Konrath. "Defining social networking sites and measuring their use: How narcissists differ in their use of Facebook and Twitter." Computers in Human Behavior 29.5 (2013): 2004-2012. Doreian, Patrick, and Frans Stokman, eds. Evolution of social networks. Vol. 1. Routledge, 2013.
IBS is a disorder of heterogeneous pathophysiology for which there are no good diagnostic tests nor effective treatments (online study on unmet needs conducted by IFFGD and UNC). Existing tests are performed to exclude diseases such as IBD, colorectal cancer, diseases associated with malabsorption, systemic hormonal disturbances, and enteric infections. Routine serologic screening for celiac sprue in patients with IBS-D or IBS-M may be useful. Lactose intolerance can cause IBS-D, intolerances to other food groups such as
The guidelines, issued by the American College of Gastroenterology were published in the January2009 issue of The American Journal of Gastroenterology.
Most IBS treatments relieve symptoms rather than resolve the condition itself.
The new guidelines encompass existing evidence on conventional treatments for IBS as well as new therapies (probiotics, for example) and alternative therapies (acupuncture and more).
Fiber products -- including psyllium, anti-spasmodic medications and peppermint oil -- may be effective in some people. "The evidence is poor, but some patients say they feel better,"
More data is needed on probiotics, live microorganisms (usually bacteria) similar to the "good" organisms found normally in the gut. The dichotomous data suggest that all probiotic therapies have a trend for being efficacious in IBS, whereas the continuous data indicate that Lactobacilli have no impact on symptoms; probiotic combinations improve symptoms; and there is a trend for Bi fidobacteria to improve IBS symptoms.Researchers and practitioners still need to figure out the species of bacteria used, how many species, and dosages.
Non-absorbable antibiotics -- those targeted to the gut only, such as rifaximin (Xifaxan) -- also seem to help some people, especially those who have "diarrhea-predominant IBS."
Selective C-2 chloride channel activators, notably lubiprostone (Amitiza), are effective for "constipation-predominant IBS." 5HT 3 antagonists such as alosetron (Lotronex) relieve symptoms of diarrhea but can cause constipation and colon ischemia, a restriction of blood flow. 5HT 4 agonists, though effective against constipation, are not available in North America because of a heightened risk of cardiovascular problems.
There is yet to be conclusive evidence on Chinese herbal mixtures, and the mixtures run the risk of causing liver failure and other problems. Differences in the content of compounds and the purity of ingredients complicate evaluation of benefits.
Similarly, the evidence on acupuncture remains inconclusive.
There is no evidence at this point that testing for food allergies or following diets that exclude certain foods alleviates IBS symptoms.
Routine diagnostic testing for IBS is not recommended, although some testing should be performed in certain subgroups of patients.
To ease IBS with diarrhea, avoid fried foods, too much fiber, especially insoluble such as apple skins, chocolate, alcohol, caffeine, carbonated drinks, the artificial sweetener sorbitol (found in sugarless gum and mints), and fructose (the simple sugar found in honey and many fruits). These can worsen diarrhea symptoms. Drink six to eight glasses of plain water a day - not with meals, but an hour before or an hour after meals. Avoid drinking hot teas.
The Irritable Bowel Syndrome Self Help and Support Group is an award-winning patient advocate group in support of self-management for IBS sufferers. Learn how sufferers are living day-to-day with IBS. Read success stories about strategies that sufferers use to cope with IBS. At the Irritable Bowel Syndrome Self Help and Support Group: You are not alone
Body Odor Support Group: An online support group for people with all types of body odor disorders, including TMAU, IBS and other medically not recognized or characterized conditions.
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